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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. D. FIELD.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE FOR PRINTING TELEGRAPHS;

N0.'Z82.297. Patented July 31. 1883.

INVENTOR v a Sie /LenDEL'eLd,

Nv PETERS. Photuidimgnmhm \Vnshingxon n r (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2S. D. FIELD. .DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE FOR PRINTING TELEGRAPHS.

No. 282,297. Patented Jl lly 31. 1883.

WITNESSES INVENTOR Sfe kenDJp-Zeld w? 13y ZvzLs dtforney p m 2 W a Q NPETERS Plum Lllhflgnpller Wuhmntm D C UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

, sTEPHEN 1). FIELD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AssIGNOR TO THE WESTERN UNIONTELEGRAPH COMPANY, on sAME PLAOE.

DYNAMQ-ELECTRIC MACHINE FOR PRlNTlNG-TELEGRAPHS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 282,297, dated July 31,1883.

' Application filed February 9, 1883. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN D. FIELD, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, and a citizen of the United States, have invented a new anduseful improvement relating to the application of dynamo-electricmachines for actuating stock-quotation instruments upon a single mainline whose type-wheels are moved step by step by to-and-fro currents ofshort duration, said type-wheels being held or locked in a position forprinting by prolonging into a continuous current the pulsation, whetherof positive or negative polarity, last sent to line, while at the sametime theprolonged pulsation or continuous current of either polarityserves to raise or actuate the printing-pad to print the desiredcharacter.

To the end of procuring a series of electrical pulsations of alternatelypositive and negative polarity, and of obtaining a continuous current ofthe same polarity as the pulsation last generated, I employ what iscommonly known as a "continuous-current" dynamo or magneto electricmachinesuch, for example, as is described in United States patent ofdIvernois and Gramme, No. 120,057, of 1871, or the machine set forth inSiemens English patent, No. 2,006 of 1873. In these forms of dynaInc-electric machines it is customary, for the purpose of procuringcontinuous currents in one direction, to wind the armature with an evennumber of coils of insulated conductingwire which are all electricallyconnected to gether, and to employ a commutator having a series ofmetallic strips insulated from one another, of a number equal to thenumber of coil-sections upon the armature. From each wire connecting theterminal of one coil-section of the armature to the beginning of thesucceeding coil-section an electric conductor is carried to acorresponding commutatorstrip. Thus the commutatorstrips, respectively,are all separately connected with the coils of the armature at pointsbetween adja cent coils or sections. In connection with this commutatortwo conducting-brushes are employed, which simultaneously connect withdiametrically-opposite commutatorstrips and those strips which areconnected, respectively, with those coils or sections of coils upon thearmature that in their course of rotation happen to be in a plane orline at right angles to the line or plane joining the poles of thefield-magnets of the dynamo-machine. By means of such an arrangement acontinuous current only will be produced. However, if, from any twodiametrically-opposite strips of the commutator, conductingwires becarried to two insulated and independent metallic rings upon the sameshaft, and such metallic rings be rotated in contact with electricalconducting brushes or strips forming the extremities of an exteriorelectrical conductor, it is obvious that as the armature is rotated amaximum current of one polarity will be set up when the coil-sections ofthe armature immediately joining the commutator-strips, which areconnected with said metallic rings, are, in the plane at' right anglesto that joining the magnetic poles of the field-magnets, and that uponfurther rotation of the armature of ninety degrees such maximum currentwill fall to zero, and from that point of rotation the polarity ofcurrent will be reversed, and will increase in strength to a maximum of7 5 opposite polarity after a further rotation of ninety degrees, fromwhich point the current will decrease to zero upon rotating ninetydegrees farther, and from this point the current will be re-reversed,and will attain a maximum. at the end of a complete rotation of thearmature. Thus the current generated will be of one polarity duringone-half of a rotation of the armature and of the opposite polarityduring the second half of the rotation of said armature, and during acomplete rotation the current will be reversed and rercversed. Undernormal conditions, when no transmitting-key is depressed, one of theconducting-strips in contact with one of the two metallic rings upon thearmature-shaft is connected to earth, while the other of said rings isconnected to the main line. Under these conditions, as the armature ofthe dynamo-electric machine rotates, short pulsations of positive andnegative electricity will be established throughout the main-linecircuit. The armature-shaft of the dynamo-electric machine is prolongedand provided with two cam projections, which serve to actuate respectivemain-line electrical 100 switches. Normally when a finger-key is notdepressed, these two electrical switches complete the main-line circuitthrough the ar1nature devices for giving only reverse currents. However,if a finger-key is depressed, one of the two electrical switches will bemoved from its normal position, thereby diverting the main line from apath through the two metallic rings through a second set of electricalbrushes, and thereby connecting said main line from earth through thegenerating-coils of the armature by way of the commutatorbrushes forgiving a current in one direction. Alternate keys upon the key board ofthe transmitter invariably actuate one of the electrical switches, whichso connects the main line to the commutater-brushes for givingcontinuous currents as to always cause a continuous current of, say,positive polarity, to flow to the line. By depressing any one of theother set of alternate keys of the transmitter the other of the twoelectrical switches will be actuated, and will cause a continuouscurrent of negative polarity to flow through the main line. Therespectivekeys of the transmitter are connected with correspondingstrips of what is technically known as the sunflower of aprintingtelegraph transmitter. I11 combinati on withthe sunflower, arotating arm having a conductingspring attached to a rotating shaft isemployed, which is actuated step by step by a pallet-yoke. Thepallet-yoke is given a reciprocating movement by reverse pulsations ofelectricity passing through a main-line polarized clectro-magnet. Branchconductors joining the transmitting-keys and the sections 01' thesunflower form a part successively of a local circuit. The anvils ofalternate keys forming one set are all electrically connected, and bymeans of one electrical conductor are connected with one poleof a localbattery. The anvils of the second alternate set of transmitting-keys arealso electrically connected together by means of a single conductor, and

' are likewise connected with the same pole of the local battery. Theopposite pole of the local. battery connected with the shalt of thesunflower-arm. Normally, therefore, the local circuit is broken both atthe transmittingkeys and at the sunflower. WVhile no one of thetransmitting-keys is depressed reverse currents are traversing the mainline, thereby aetnating the polarized clectroanagnet and cansing astep-by-step rotation of the sunflowerarm. However, ifany one of thetransmittingkeys is depressed, the sunflower-armwill continue rotatinguntil it has arrived at that one ofthe sunflowersections electricallyconnected with thekey depressed. Upon depressing any one of thetransmittingkeys, therefore, the local circuit will. be closed througheither of two branches forming a part of the local circuit and a currentwill be set up in one of such branches. These two local branches areeach provided with eleetro-magnets which attract arn'iatures thatrespectively are mechanically connected with two electrical switches,either of which serves to switch the main line :t'rom thereverse-current devices of the dynamo-machine to thecommutatorconnections, from which only currents of one polarity, eitherpositive or negative, may be directed to line. \Vhen the armature of oneof the electro-mag nets in one branch of the local or sunflower circuitis attracted, asliding arm is depressed which is provided with twostops, one above and the other below the shalt of the dynamoelectricmachine. W hen the armature is depressed a lug upon the shalt of thedynamo machine strikes a projection connected with the switch-arm,thereby moving the switch, so as to prevent reverse currents from beingsent to line and into position to cause a continuous currentsayoi'positive polarity-to be trans mitted. If the transmitting-key isreleased and the armature of the electro-magnctin this local branch isretracted, the same stop upon the armature-shaft of the dynamo-machinewill in its rotation strike a ing which will throw the electrical switchback to its original positionthat is, in a position to cause reversecurrents to be sent over the line. On the other hand, if any one of theother set of alternate transmittingkeys be depressed, the electro-magnetin the other of the two 10- cal branches of the transmitter will causethe second electrical switch to be thrown, so as to prevent reversecurrents from being sent to line, and to cause only a continuous currentof negative polarity to be sent. Primarily, therefore, a reverse andre-reversc current causes a rotating arm of a sunflower to move twosteps during one rotation of the armature ol' the dynamo-machine. Thedepression of a finger-key brings apparatus into such a post tion thatthe rotationof the armature oi" the dynamomachine mechanically moveseither of two electrical switches, whereby reverse currents upon theline are suspended, and a continuous current, either of positive ornegative polarity, according to the switch moved, is placed to line. Theact of depressing atransmitting-key, accordingly, in the first placecauses a suspension of reverse currents upon the main line, which inturn causes the armature of the polarized electro-magnet to be held inone position, thereby locking the rotating arm of the sunflower in afixed position during' the depression of the transmitting-key. \Vhilethe sunflower-arm is arrested and a corresponding key is depressed, thelocal magnet of the switch will render a return movement of the switchimpossible, and only a continuous current can be sent to line.

To fully explain my invention, I will now rcfer to the accompanyingdrawings.

Figure 1 represents a complete diagram of the transmitting apparatus.Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of a Gramme armature having a commutatorfrom which currents of one polarity may be obtained, and also metallicrings, which are respectively connected with diametrically-oppositesections of the commuthree-fourths of a rotation. Upon a still furtator,whereby reverse currents may be procured,which1term reversecurrentdevices.

In Fig. 1, F F represent the poles of fieldmagnets of the dynamoanaehinemounted upon base B. A is a cylindrical or ring armature, as will bemore fully hereinafter described,

and armature A is rigidly fixed to a shaft, Q.

. F and F.

Upon shaft Q is placed commutator 0, consisting of a series of metallicstrips parallel to the axis of shaft Q, which are insulated from oneanother, and which are connected, respectively, with wires of thearmature joining adj acent coil-sections thereof. Electrical brushes (4and bare pressed in contact with commutator C, and are so positionedthat they are in electrical contact with those strips of the commutatorwhich are electrically connected with those coils of the armature whichoccur to be in a plane at right angles to the plane joining the poles ofthe field-magnets. Thus, as the armature A is given a continuousrotation a continuous current of electricity will be set up from thebrush b through the wire 6 and the common external conductor, back towire 10, through brush a, and through the coils of the armature. Uponthe sameshaft, Q, are placed two metallic rings, w and 2, which areinsulated from one another, and which are electrically connected,respectively, with two diametrically-opposite metallic strips of thecommutator O. Oondu cting strips or brushes x and y are employed,whereby alternating currents of electricity may be passed from thearmature through brush 00, line 4, and any external conductor back toline 8 and brush y to the armaal bobbins to 67 are connected by wires 40to 47. These wires, which join the sectional coils of the armature, areconnected, respectively, with the insulated strips of the commutator 50to 57 by separate wires, and the stationary brushes a and b are set in aline at right angles to the line joining the field-poles From point46that is, from commutator-strip 56a wire, 70, is carried to theelectrical conducting-spring w, and from the diametrically-oppositecommutator-strip, 52, or from point 42, a wire, 71, is carried toconducting -spring 2. Upon rotating the shaft Q from the position shownin Fig. 2, the ringarmature A being rigidly fixed therewith, 'a maximumcurrent of one polarity will be set up through the wires and 71, theirrespective contact-brushes x and 1, and through an external conductor, 3at, when the points 46 and 42 have been brought into a line at rightangles to the line joining the field-magnets. \Vhen the armature hasbeen moved to such a position that wires 42 and 46 are in the lineiorplane joining the fieldpoles, the current will have diminished to zero,where its polarity will change, and the current will increase to amaximum of opposite polarity after a further rotation of ninety degrees,or after ther quarter-rotation the current will have diminished untilthe armature has received a complete rotation, at which point thecurrent will re -reverse its polarity. It is thus seen that upon onerotation of the'armature a pulsation of one polarity will be produced,that the polarity of this current will be reversed, and that are-reversal will occur.

A single main telegraph-line in which a series of printing-instrumentsis placed, said single line embracing the magnetizingcoils both of thetype-wheel and printing-magnets is so arranged by means of suitableelectric switches that normally said line is connected through thearmature of the dynamo-machine and through brushes a" and 3 wherebyreverse currents are produced. However, by means of proper automaticswitches, whenever it is desired to' print a character, the main line isremoved from the wires 3 and 4, connecting with the reverse-currentbrushes x and q and is connected with the wires Gand 10, wherebystraight currents may be sent to line. The means for switching the mainline from one set of brushes, :0 and 1, to the commutatorbrushes 2) anda is effected by means of the apparatus now to be described.

X and Y represent two electrical mainline switches, one of which,say X,will disconnect the main line from the brushes x and y, and so connectit with the commutator-brushes b and a that a straight current-say ofpositive polaritywill be passed over the line, and of the same polarityas that one of the reverse pulsations last sent, whileYis an electricalswitch,.

whereby the main line is disconnected from the brushes w and y, and isso connected with the commutator-brushes b and a that a continuouscurrent of negative polarity will be sent over the main line, thepolarity of the last pulsation sent to line having been of negativepolarity. The switches X and Y, respectively, will be called intoaction, according to which of the two sets of keys the one depressedbelongs. For instance, if any one of the keys A G E, &e., is depressed,reverse currents upon the main line will be suspended and a con tinuousnegative current will be transmitted. If B, D, or F be depressed, thealternate currents will be suspended and only a continuous positivecurrent will be transmitted.

L B is a local battery whose circuit is completed from point 14, througheither of two branch wires, 15 or 17, according as the key of onealternate set or the other is depressed, to points 16 and 18, and thenceto one of the anvils 19 and 21, 850., or to one of the anvils 20 and 22,&c. The transmitting-keys A B O D, &c., are connected separately bymeansof branch conductors 3O 31 32 33, &c., as shown,

with the sections 81 82 83, &c., of the sun- IIO upon depressing any oneofeither of the two sets of transmitting-keys, providing the revolvingspring K is upon that one of the sunflowersections corresponding to thekey depressed. The spring K is given a step-by-step movement upon eachreversal of the main-line currentthat is, upon a reversal from positiveto negative of the main-line current the polarized magnets M M move thepallets N N in one direction, thereby rotating the ratchetwheels B onestep, and thereby carrying the spring K from one section of thesunflower to an adjoining one; and upon a re-reversal oi" the main-linecurrent the spring K will be moved the further distance of onesunflowersection. The main line proceeding from the distant stationpasses through coils M M of the polarized magnet, thence by L to springj, metallic block 1', wire 5, spring 71, conducting); block g, wire 1-,brush a metallic ring w, through coils of the armature of thedynamomachine to metallic ring 2, brush 9 conductor 3, metallic block f,spring 0, wire 2, metallic block d, spring 0, and wire 1 to earth.

As shown in the drawings, if key B or D be depressed, the sunflower-armwill rotate until spring K reaches either section or 82, in which eventthe local circuit of L B will be closed through the electro-magnet M,when armature I), attached to lever a, which is pivoted at a, will beattracted, thereby depressing a sliding bar, H, which, between points 0'and .9, consists of two parts, t and t, between which passes the shaftof the dynamo-electric machine. The link-bar H is pivoted at point g toh. Armature-lever a is provided with an elbow, a, having an opening,through which slides the stem (1 of bar H. Armature-lever a is alsoprovided with a retracting-spring, 8. Upon the lever 7: is mounted ahorizontal bar of insulating material, 1', upon which is mountedcoi1ducting-springs c and h, which normally rest upon conducting-blocksf and g, but which, upon a backward movement of the arm h, will becarried to rest separately upon the conducting-blocks 7i) and Z. Thepart t of the link-bar H is provided upon its under side with a tooth,(1, while the part i is provided with. a tooth, f, and in the same planethe shaft Q of the dynamo-machinehasaiiixed thereto a tooth, c.

The two limbs or the link-bar t and L, with their respective projectionsd and f, are so arranged in. respect to the tooth e that when thearmature of M is attracted the projection (1 will. be so far depressedthat in the rotation of c it will strike (1, driving the spindle (1through the opening in. (1/, thereby moving the lower end of arm htoward shaft Q, and thereby moving the springs c and 71 from blocks fand 1 over to blocks '1; and Z. However, if either a key, B orD, bereleased after being depressed, the armature of M will be retracted byits springs, when the tooth (1 will be raised out of the path ofrotation of tooth e, and the linkbar H will be given abackward movement,thus returning the spring 71/ and e from the blocks Z and k to y and fand projections d andf are so arranged that when either is moved intothe path of c it will be driven to a point just without the arc ofrevolution of point (2, so that the rotation of the shaft Q, maycontinue, and the link-bar H will. be held in the same position untilthe armature-bar a is again attracted or retracted, as the case may be.In the same manner, it either of the alternate keys A or G be depressed,the sunflowerarm will continue to rotate until spring K arrives atsection 83 or 81, when the local circuit will be closed through branch15. Electro magnet h in the branch 15 serves in the same manner aselectro-magnet M to actuate an armature-lever, thereby raising orlowering link-bar I, which is similar to link-bar H, and which. is givena toand-iro longitudinal movement, according as the armature aitractedor retracted, whereby lever h, of the switch Y throws the springs c andj from eon ducting-blocks d and i to the conducting-blocks m and 'n.Thus, if key A or G of the alternate series be depressed, the main linewill be disconnected from the brushes a; and y, and will be so connectedwith commutatorbrushes a and I) as to direct upon the main line acontinuous current of one polarity, but of a polarity op posite to thatwhich would be sent bydeprcssing one of the keys B or D.

For convenience of description, I designate electro-magnets h and M andtheir armaturcs as switch-controlling devices, while bars H and I andshaft Q, having lugs thereon, ll term switch-actuating devices. Theoperation of the switelrcontrolling devices enables the actuatingapparatus to be brought i nto action.

The commutators for affording a continuous current upon the main line inone di rection or the other are connected by wires 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, and13, with the metallic blocks 76 Z and m on, respectively. It will beseen, therefore, that if the comlucting-strips c and I! of the switch Xbe moved into contact with blocks 7.: and l, the conductingbrush a will.be connected directly to earth through wire 10,12, 2, and 1, whileconducting-brusl1 'b will be conducted through. wire (5, S, and 5 to themain lines. Again, it the brushes (2 and h ol'switch X remain in theirnormal position nponf and g and the brushes 0 and j of switch Y be movedupon the conductingblocks m and a, the brush 1) will. be connected toearth through wires 6 9 m c and wire 1, while the brush a will beconnected toline through wire 10, 13, a, and j.

The revolving arm of the sunflower, as it is carried over the metallicsections thereof, is carried into contact with one hall of thesunflower-sections by the transmission over the main line of impulses ofone polarity, and the arm is carried upon the other half of thealternate suntlower sections by impulses of an opposite polarity. It istherefore ap 'iarent that to bring the sunflower-arm in contact with anyparticular section a pulsation ol' pro-determined polarity must be sentover the line as a condition precedent. It will also be observed that ascondition precedent to the op eration'of either one of theelectro-magnets lV or M in the branches of the local circuit, thesunflower-arm must be arrested upon any one of that series ofsunflower-sections through which the electro-magnet M or ll as the casemay be, is connected. If a positive impulse has last been sent to line,the armature of the polarized electro-magnet M M will be so moved as tothrow the sunflower-arm upon some one of its sections which will connectthe local battery through, say, local eleetro-magnet M, and, accordingas the last impulse sent is positive or negative, either electro-magnetM orh will be operated. If," upon depressing any particular finger-keyof one series, a positive pulsation is the last one sent to line, and Mis operated, the positive pulsation will always be prolonged orcontinued into a current of positive polarity. Again, if any particularfinger-key of the second alternate set is depressed, so that the lastpulsation sentto line is negative, and M is operated, under all suchcircumstances will the negative pulsation sent to line be prolonged intoa continuous negative current. The positive and negative pulsations arenormally upon the main line, and they, by the polarized main-lineelectro-magnet, serve to control or actuate the movement of thesunflower-arm, which is a switch for the local circuit. By depressingany one of the finger-keys one of the two main-line switches X or Y isplaced in a condition to be operated by a continued rotation of theshaft Q of the armature of the dynamo-electric machine, and in eitherevent the reverse pulsations upon the main line are suspended, and acontinuous current is sent to line, whereby the sunflowerarm isarrested. The depression of afinger-key first enables the sunliowerarmto close a local circuit, and this act, through the agency of M or M,effects conditions whereby, upon the continued rotation of thearmature-shaft, the main-line switch is operated, which in turn, bysuspending reversals of current and by de veloping a continuous current,immediately causes the arrest of the sunflower-arm. Upon releasing thedepressed key, and thereby the main-line switch, reverse currents arere-established in the main line, which causes the sunflower-arm to againbe given a continued stcp-by-step movement. 7

For convenience of illustration, I have herein described a Grammearmature in preference to the cylindrical armature described in SiemensEnglish patent, No. 2,006 of 187 3. However, it is apparent that one canbe substituted for the other; or, in fact, any well-known form ofdynamo-electric machine can be used for the purpose herein specifiedwhich is capable of giving a continuous current. It is also obviousthat, instead of employing a commutator for taking continuous currentsfrom the machine and the reverse-current devices herein shown, acommutator may be employed which, when continuous currents are required,shall be held stationary, while said commutator, when it is desired toproduce reverse currents, shall be permitted to rotate with the shaft ofthe dynamo-electric machine; but I desire to disclaim such feature fromthis case, as it is made the subject of another application.

I desire to disclaim from this application the subject-matterhereinafter claimed when in combination with specific devices adaptingthe same to a printing-telegraph system, as such subj ect-matter isembodied in another application filed by me August 5, 1882, No. 68,567.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of an armature of a dynamoelectric machine whoseseries of coils are electrically connected together, a series ofinsulated commutator-sections mounted upon the shaft of said armature,which are respectively connectedbetween the coil-sections of thearmature, two insulated rings or hubs, also mounted upon saidarmature-shaft, which are connected with said armatureeoils, and twosets of colleeting-brushes, whereby from one commutator continuouscurrents are procured and from the other reversed currents, a main line,and means for connecting said main line either with the straight-currentcommutatorbrushes or devices for collecting reverse currents.

2. The combination of a dynamo-electric machine, a commutator thereformounted upon the shaft of the armature, for deriving therefrom acontinuous current, reverse-currentcollecting devices mounted on theshaft of said armature, for deriving from said machine reversedcurrents, two sets of collecting-brushes, a main line, and means fordisconnecting the main line from the reverse-current-collecting devicesand for connecting said main line with the continuous-currentcommutator, and also serving to prolong thelast pulsationintoacontinuous current, whereby reverse currents upon the main line may besuspended and the last pulsation sent may be prolonged into a continuouscurrent of the same polarity.

3. The combination, in a dynamo-electric machine, of an armature whoseseries of coils or bobbins are electrically connected together,

and which, at their junctions,"arefepectively connected with a series ofinsulated commutator-strips, conductingbrushes for said commutator,means for deriving from said armature reverse pulsatory currents,consisting of two insulated metallic hubs which are electricallyconnected with said armature-coils, substantially as described, andconductingbrushes therefor.

STEPHEN D. FIELD.

Witnesses:

WM. B. VANSIZE, WM. -ARNOUX.

